2100 |
2050 |
2000 |
1950 |
1900 |
1850 |
1800 |
1750 |
1700 |
1650 |
1600 |
1550 |
1500 |
1450 |
1400 |
1350 |
1300 |
1250 |
1200 |
1150 |
1100 |
1050 |
1000 |
950 |
900 |
850 |
800 |
750 |
700 |
650 |
600 |
550 |
500 |
450 |
400 |
350 |
300 |
250 |
200 |
150 |
100 |
50 |
0 |
10 |
20 |
30 |
40 |
50 |
60 |
70 |
80 |
90 |
100 |
110 |
120 |
130 |
140 |
150 |
160 |
170 |
180 |
190 |
200 |
250 |
300 |
350 |
400 |
450 |
500 |
550 |
600 |
650 |
700 |
750 |
800 |
850 |
900 |
950 |
1000 |
1050 |
1100 |
1150 |
1200 |
1250 |
1300 |
1350 |
1400 |
1450 |
1500 |
1550 |
1600 |
1650 |
1700 |
1750 |
1800 |
1850 |
1900 |
1950 |
2000 |
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XXI |
XX |
XIX |
XVIII |
XVII |
XVI |
XV |
XIV |
XIII |
XII |
XI |
X |
IX |
VIII |
VII |
VI |
V |
IV |
III |
II |
I |
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I |
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II |
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III |
IV |
V |
VI |
VII |
VIII |
IX |
X |
XI |
XII |
XIII |
XIV |
XV |
XVI |
XVII |
XVIII |
XIX |
XX |
XXI |
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<----
BRONZE AGE |
LATE BRONZE AGE COLLAPSE |
IRON
AGE ----> |
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c. 1050-586 BC -
MONARCHIC PERIOD |
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c. 586-539 BC - EXILIC PERIOD |
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c. 538-330 BC -
POST-EXILIC PERSIAN PERIOD |
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330-164 BCE -
POST-EXILIC HELLENISTIC PERIOD |
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164-4 BC -
MACCABEAN/HASMONEAN PERIOD |
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(1516 - 1517) |
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(1968-1976, 1997, 1998) |
(1906, 1913, 1937) |
(2004, est. 2020) |
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<-----
OLD KINGDOM OF EGYPT (2686-2181 BC) |
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𝕸 |
*Mikraot Gedolot (Tanakh) |
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𝕸 |
*Biblia Hebraica (BH) |
*Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia (BHS) |
*Biblia Hebraica Quinta (BHQ) |
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<----- FIRST INTERMEDIATE PERIOD OF EGYPT (2181-2055
BC) |
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(Tanakh - Mikraot Gedolot) |
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MIDDLE
KINGDOM OF EGYPT (2055-1650 BC) -----> |
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𝕸 |
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𝕸 |
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(1887,91,96; 1907, 1909-1922, 1930) |
(1906) |
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𝕸 |
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Hebrew Bible: |
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c. 7th-10th centuries -
Masoretic Text (MT) - Copying, editing and distribution |
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*c. 900-930 - Aleppo Codex |
*1008-1009 - Leningrad Codex |
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SWETE-CAMBRIDGE
LXX: |
H. B. Swete's Septuagint |
Cambridge Septuagint - Brooke,
McLean |
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<-----
AKKADIAN EMPIRE (c. 2334-2154 BC) |
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Proto-Masoretic
Text |
Discoveries in the Judaean
Deser (DJD - Proto-MT) |
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Targumim |
(Aramaic) |
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*c. 1549 - Daniel Bomberg |
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(Major "diplomatic"
edition) |
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GUTIAN
DYNASTY OF SUMER / KUTI / KUTIANS (c. 2135-2055 BC) |
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*Maekhet Soferim (Talmud) - "The Tractate of
the Scribes" |
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(1519 - 1523) |
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Critical Editions of LXX |
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(1935, 1967, 1979) |
|
(2006) |
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THIRD
DYNASTY OF UR / UR III / NEO-SUMERIAN EMPIRE (2112-2004 BC) |
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Psa. (39), Deu. (33), 1 Enoch (25), Gen. (24), Isa. (22), Jubilees (21), Exo. (18), Lev. (17),
Num. (11), Min. Prophets (10), Dan. (8), Jer. (6), Eze. (6), Job (6), Tobit (5), Ki. (4), Sa. (4), Jdg.
(4), Sng (4), Rth (4), Lam. (4), Sirach (3), Ecc (2), Jos. (2), Baruch 6 (?) |
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Jewish
Talmud: |
*c. 200 - "Authoritative" Mishnah |
*c. 300 - Tosefta |
|
*350-400: Jerusalem Gerama |
|
*c. 499 - Babylonian Gerama |
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Commentary on Talmud & Tanakh: |
|
*1040-1105 - Rashi |
*c. XII - Tosafot |
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*Talmud (Bomberg) |
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RAHLFS-GOTTINGEN LXX: |
Alfred Rahlf's Septuagint |
|
Robert Hanhart's Septuaginta |
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Dead Sea Scrolls (Mixed types - Proto-MT, Proto-Samaritan,
Proto-Septuagint) |
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(Minor Edition - semi-critical) |
|
(Revision of Rahlfs' Septuaginta) |
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<-----
OLD ASSYRIAN EMPIRE |
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Urtext - Tanakh (???) |
|
NOT
INCLUDED: Esther (LIMITED COPIES: Chronicles, Ezrah-Nehemiah, Proverbs, Hosea?) |
|
*Genesis Apocryphon (Aramaic) |
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(1931) |
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<-----
EARLY ASSYRIAN PERIOD (2600-2025 BC) |
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(disputed) |
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Göttingen Septuagint |
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Proto-Samaritan Text |
Samaritan Pentateuch (SP) |
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(1831) |
(Major edition - fully critical) |
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Common
SP/LXX Source |
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Lucian (LXX) |
(mainly MSS b, o, c2, e2) |
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First
official break with TR: |
Lachmann's Greek NT |
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Enuma Elish
("When on High") - Babylonian creation myth |
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*Documentary Hypothesis |
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TORAH (Pentateuch) |
|
"LXX"
Vorlage |
Old Greek (OG) Translation - Septuagint (LXX) |
(𝕲*) |
|
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Expansion of LXX translation corpus |
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(Th) |
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Symmachus (LXX) |
(Periphrastic Translation) |
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----> Post-Hexaplaric Revisions of the
LXX |
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e |
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(1841, 1849, 1859, 1869, 1872, 1873) |
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(2017) |
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(Myth
of Inanna and the Huluppu Tree) |
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|
kaige-Theodotion Revision (LXX) |
(Conflated with later
revisions by Theodotion) |
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Theodotion (LXX) |
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Pre-Hexaplaric
Revisions of the LXX <----- |
Origen's Hexapla (LXX) |
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Zographensis (OCS) |
(Glagolitic) |
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Tischendorf
(NT + LXX) |
τ - Tishendorf |
|
Tyndale House Greek NT |
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Gilgamesh, Enkidu, and the Netherworld |
(Sumerian) |
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Epic of Atra-Hasis
(c. XVIII) |
|
Eridu Genesis -
Sumerian |
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Ugarit texts
(Legend of Keret, Legends of Danel, the Baal Cycle) |
|
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|
Genesis 2: |
"J
Source" (Jahwist) |
(Southern text from Israel) |
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Genesis
1 |
|
Genesis
2-50 (Bereshit) |
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Aquila (LXX) |
(LXX revision based on
MT) |
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Hesychius (LXX) |
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(Bulgarian recension) |
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e |
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(1844 - r, 1857) |
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(Tregelle) |
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Genesis 1: |
"E
Source" (Elohist) |
(Northern text from
Judah) |
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*Aleph - Codex Sinaiticus (LXX) |
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e |
(Minuscule 33) |
Ostromir Gospels (OCS) |
(Cyrillic) |
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Tregelles (TGNT) |
|
CRITICAL TEXT |
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? <------------ |
Enki and the World Order |
(Sumerian) |
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Hindu Vedas |
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Exodus
(Shemot) |
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*B - Codex Vaticanus (Th LXX) |
(pre-Hexaplaric
in all books except Isaiah) |
*A - Codex Alexandrinus (Th LXX) |
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*Q - Codex Marchalianus (Th LXX) |
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Sava's Book (OCS) |
(Cyrillic) |
(East Slavic recension) |
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(1881) |
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(2010) |
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(Reworking &
Inscription of earlier oral tradition) |
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"Priestly
Source" (P) |
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(East Slavic recension) |
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e |
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Wescott-Hort |
w - Wescott-Hort |
|
SBL Greek NT |
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(Lev. 17-26) |
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"Holiness Code" (H) |
Leviticus (Vayikra) |
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Papyrus 967 (OG LXX - Daniel) |
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*Codex Christianus 45 (OG LXX) |
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e |
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Mstislav Lectionary
(OCS) |
(Cyrillic) |
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(1902-1010) |
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(Wescott-Hort & Tregelle) |
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Assemanius (OCS) |
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(Glagolitic) |
(East Slavic recension) |
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e |
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(1881) |
von Soden's Greek NT |
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Numbers
(Bamidbar) |
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(Bulgarian recension) |
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Gospels of Tsar Alexander (OCS) |
(Cyrillic) |
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Palmer's
Greek NT |
(c. 1900) |
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e |
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ap |
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(Bulgarian recension) |
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Bernhard
Weiss' Greek NT |
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"Deuteronomistic
Source" (D) |
Deuteronomy
5-26 |
Deuteronomy
1-4, 29-30 |
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Deuteronomy
(D'varim) |
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Marianus (OCS) |
(Glagolitic) |
Enina Apostle (OCS) |
(Cyrillic) |
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(1892) |
(1903) |
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Book of Elchasai |
(Lost) |
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Greek
Apocalypse of Ezra |
-------> ? |
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(Serbian recension) |
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(Bulgarian recension) |
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Resultant
Greek NT |
Weymouth (WNT) |
(English) |
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Sumerian Language (Language Isolate) |
Extinction of
Sumerian Language (2000-1800 BC) |
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Deuteronomistic History |
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Apocalypse
of Abraham |
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Old Church Slavonic MSS |
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CRITICAL EDITIONS OF THE BIBLE |
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(Preferred
scribal language for written records) |
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Gospel
of Thomas |
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(Gospel of
Thomas) |
Papyrus
Oxyrhynchus 1 |
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(Greek) |
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Joshua |
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Joshua |
(Nevi'im Rishonim -
Former Prophet) |
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Infancy
Gospel of Thomas |
Proto-Gospel
of James |
-------> ? |
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e |
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e |
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CRITICAL
TEXT |
(1889, 1901,
'02, '03, '04, '09, '24, '27 [13th], '29, 36, '52 [21st], '63, '66, '68, '75 [26th], '93, 2014 [28th] |
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Cuneiform script (Sumero-Akkadian) |
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The Preaching of Peter |
Paul's Epistle to the Laodiceans (forgery) |
(Col 4:16) |
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Minuscule 461 |
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Minuscule 2 |
(TR) |
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(1516, 1519, 1522, 1527, 1536) |
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Novum Testamentum
Graece ---------> |
Nestle-Aland (21st-28th
Editions / UBS 1-5) |
u - UBS |
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Judges |
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Judges |
(Nevi'im Rishonim -
Former Prophet) |
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1
Enoch (Book of the Watchers) |
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1
Enoch (Book of Parables) |
(Non-Canonical) |
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Ascension
of Isaiah / Martyrdom of Isaiah |
(Heb 11:37) |
Gospel
of Peter |
Trimorphic
Protennoia |
Origin of the World |
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(1st dated ms - 835 AD) |
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(Basis of Erasmus' TR) |
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First published Greek Text: |
Erasmus' NT (Greek) |
(Desiderius Erasmus) |
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Akkadian Language (East Semitic) |
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2
Enoch (Slavonic Enoch / Secrets of Enoch) |
(Jude 4,6,13,14-15, 2
Peter 2:4, 3:13) |
|
Exigetica
- Gnostic Basilides (135) |
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? <------------ |
Gospel
of the Nazarenes |
Didascalia |
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e† |
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e |
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(1522 - Comma Johanneum) |
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(1881, 1885, 1894) |
|
MODERN ENGLISH BIBLES |
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Assyrian
/ Babylonian Dialects of Akkadian |
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Ruth
(c. VI-IV BC) |
(Ketuvim) |
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Assumption
of Moses |
(Jude 9) |
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Marcion |
2
Baruch (Jewish) |
|
Letter
to Flora |
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F 09 - Boreelianus |
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Minuscule 111 |
(TR) |
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(1522, 1534) |
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Revised
Version (ERV/RV) |
(English) |
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(Greek) Apocalypse of Moses / (Latin) Life of Adam and
Eve |
(2 Cor 11:14, 12:2) |
|
Epistle
of the Apostles |
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p |
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p |
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Luther Bible (High
German) |
(Erasmus' 1519 edition) |
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(1707, 1710, 1723, 1746) |
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(1900, 1901) |
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(2000) |
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Samuel |
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Samuel |
(Nevi'im Rishonim -
Former Prophet) |
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Gospel
of Peter |
Treatise on the Resurrection |
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F 10 - Augiensis |
(Greek & Latin) |
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Minuscule 2817 |
(TR) |
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Mill's
Greek NT |
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American
Standard Version (ASV) |
(English) |
Hebrew
Names (HNV) |
(English) |
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Chronicles |
(Ketuvim-Histories) |
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Gospel
of the Ebionites |
|
Apocryphon
of John |
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e |
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eacp |
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(1514-1522, 1517) |
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(Stephanus 1550) |
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(Based on 1881 Revised Version) |
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(based on ASV) |
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Kings |
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Kings |
(Nevi'im Rishonim -
Former Prophet) |
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|
Greek
(1, 2, 3) I Esdras |
(Deuterocanonical) |
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Gospel
of the Hebrews (lost) |
Egerton
Gospel |
|
Egerton
Papyrus 2 |
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G 011 - Seidelianus I |
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Minuscule 3 |
(TR) |
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|
First printed Greek Text: |
Complutensian
Polyglot NT |
(Greek/Latin + LXX) |
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(1709-1719) |
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(1961) |
(1964) |
(1981) |
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Ezra-Nehemiah |
(Ketuvim-Histories) |
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4
Ezra / 2 Esdras (Latin Esdras) |
---> 2nd century? |
Greek Gospel of the Egyptians |
Coptic Gospel of the Egyptians |
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e |
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e |
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(1546, 1549, 1550, 1551, 1553) |
(1551 - 1st versification) |
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Wells'
Greek NT |
(First
non-TR edition) |
New English Bible (NEB) |
RVG
Tasker |
Revised English (REB) |
(English) |
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(Hebrew/Aramaic original?) |
|
Gospel
of Mary |
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Constitutions |
Gospel of Barnabas |
------------> (c. 15th century)? |
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|
H 013 - Seidelianus II |
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Minuscule 9 |
(TR) |
e |
|
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(Robert Estienne, AKA Stephanus) |
Editio Regia/Stephanus'
NT (Greek) |
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(1715, 1728, 1743, 1760, 1763, 1794) |
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(1963, 1971, 1992, 1995) |
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Southern (Judah) Prophet (Babylonian Crisis): |
I Isaiah 1-39 |
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II Isaiah 40-45 |
|
III
Isaiah 56-66 |
(Nevi'im Aharonim -
Latter/Major Prophet) |
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(no longer extant in Greek) |
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Gospel
of Philip |
------------> (c. 350)? |
|
Gospel of Gamaliel (Gospel of the Twelve Apostles) |
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a |
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eap |
|
Minuscule 4 |
(TR) |
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|
(1556, 1565, 1582, 1588-9, 1598,
1604, 1611) |
|
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|
Bowyer's Greek NT |
|
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|
New
American Standard (NASB) |
(English - based on ASV) |
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5th
& 6th Ezra |
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Gospel
of Truth |
|
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Clementine
Literature |
Epistle to Seneca the Younger |
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H 014 - Mutinensis |
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Minuscule 38 |
(TR) |
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(Stephanus 1551) |
Beza's
Greek NT |
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|
(1725, 1734) |
|
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(1946) |
(1971, 2007, 2011, 2016) |
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Southern (Judah) Prophet (Babylonian Crisis): |
Jeremiah |
(Nevi'im Aharonim -
Latter / Major Prophet) |
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|
(Christian additions of chapters 1-2, 15-16) |
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Epistula
Apostolorum |
|
|
Apocalypse
of Paul |
Gnostic Apocalypse of Peter |
Gospel
of the Nativity of Mary |
|
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e |
|
acp |
|
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acpr |
|
|
eacp |
|
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|
|
(1522-25, 1534, 1536) |
|
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|
Bengel's
Greek NT |
|
|
Revised Standard (RSV) |
English Standard (ESV) |
(English - based on RSV) |
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Esther |
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Greek Additions/Expansions (A-F) to Esther |
(Ketuvim) |
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Apocalypse
of Peter |
Coptic Apocalypse of Paul |
Gospel of Bartholomew |
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K 017 - Cyprius |
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Minuscule 221 |
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Minuscule 88 |
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Minuscule 5 |
(TR) |
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1st English
translation from Hebrew/Greek: |
Tyndale Bible (English) |
(published by Coverdale) |
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(1729) |
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(1954, 1958, 1962, 1964, 1965, 1987,
2015) |
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Lamentations |
(Ketuvim-Poetic) |
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The
Prayer of Joseph |
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Gospel
of Judas |
? <------------ |
Gospel
of the Savior |
Second Treatise of the Great Seth |
Gospel of Pseudo-Matthew |
3
Enoch (Book of Palaces) |
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e |
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(Comma Johanneum) |
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e |
(Comma Johanneum) |
e |
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(c. 1535) |
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TEXTUS RECEPTUS |
|
Mace's
NT |
(Greek & English
Diglot) |
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Amplified (AMP) |
(English - based on ASV) |
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III Corinthians |
Acts
of Paul |
Pearl
Hymn |
Acts
of Thomas |
Acts of Pilate/Gospel of Nicodemus |
(Hebrew) |
|
(Mixed Western with Byzantine & Alexandrian readings) |
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Λ 039 - Tischendorfianus III |
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Minuscule 8 |
(TR) |
Minuscule 120 |
(TR) |
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(Tyndale +
additions from Vulgate & Luther): |
Coverdale's
Bible (Modern English) |
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(1971) |
(1996) |
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Exhilic
Prophet: |
Ezekiel |
(Nevi'im Aharonim -
Latter / Major Prophet) |
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Prayer of Azariah & Song of the 3 Holy Children |
(Daniel 3:24-90) |
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Gospel
of the Lord (of Marcion) |
Acts of Thecla |
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Syriac/Arabic
Infancy Gospel |
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a |
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cp |
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e |
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r |
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(1539, 1540) |
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(1624, 1633) |
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(1751-1752) |
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The Living Bible (TLB) |
New Living Trans. (NLT) |
(English - based on TLB) |
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Acts
of Peter |
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Toledot Yeshu (Life of Jesus) |
------------> (c. 11th century)? |
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E 08 - Laudianus |
(TR) |
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K 018 - Mosquensis I |
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|
Minuscule 237 |
(TR) |
Minuscule 2814 |
(TR) |
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The Great Bible
(English) |
(1557, 1583, 1560) |
|
Elzevir
Bible (Greek) |
|
Novum
Test. Graecum |
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(English - paraphrase of 1901 ASV) |
(1989) |
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Ostensibly VI
century BC: |
Daniel |
(Ketuvim / Major Prophet) |
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Daniel 1-6/7 |
Daniel 7-12 |
Susanna |
(Daniel 1:1, Vulgate 13) |
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Acts
of Andrew |
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Secret
Gospel of Mark |
------------> (c. 20th century)? |
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(Greek & Latin) |
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acp |
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ap |
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apr |
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ap |
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Geneva
Bible (English) |
|
(Erasmus 1522 & Beza 1588-9,
1598) |
|
(Johann Jakob Wettstein) |
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New
Revised Standard (NRSV) |
(English - based on RSV) |
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Acts
of John |
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(Earliest witness for Acts 8:37) |
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L 020 - Angelicus |
|
Minuscule 398 |
(TR) |
Minuscule 42 |
(TR) |
Minuscule 2815 |
(TR) |
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(1537) |
(Erasmus' 1522 edition) |
|
(Bonaventure & Abraham
Elzevir) |
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(1973, 1978, 1984, 2011) |
(1994, 1995 - OT, 1996) |
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The Satire of the
Trades |
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Northern (Israel) Prophet (Assyrian Crisis): |
Hosea |
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Hosea |
(Nevi'im Aharonim -
Latter / Minor Prophet #1) |
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Bel and the Dragon |
(Daniel 12:13, Vulgate
14) |
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Gospel
of Jesus' Wife |
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e |
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e |
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e |
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e |
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(From Tyndale & Coverdale) |
Matthew
Bible (English) |
(1568, 1572, 1602) |
|
(1611, 1629, 1638, 1760, 1769) |
|
(1760, 1769) |
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New
International (NIV) |
NIV
Reader's (NIrV) |
(English) |
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(Sirach 38:24–39:11) |
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NON-CANONICAL / APOCRYPHA - AUTOGRAPHS |
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N 022 - Petropolitanus Purpureus |
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U 030 - Nanianus |
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S 028 - Vaticanus
354 |
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Minuscule 659 |
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(1539) |
Bishops' Bible (English) |
|
King James Bible
(KJV/AV) |
|
KJV - Cambridge-Oxford |
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(2002, 2005) |
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Post Exhilic Prophet: |
Joel |
(Nevi'im Aharonim -
Latter/Minor Prophet #2) |
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Mat |
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e† |
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r |
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(Family 1424) |
e |
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(Μinor revision of Matthew's Bible) |
Taverner's
Bible (English) |
(Church of England) |
|
(Modern English) |
|
(Benjamin Blayney) |
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|
(1979) |
Today's
NIV (TNIV) |
(English) |
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e* |
|
Mt 18-19 † |
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O 023 - Sinopensis |
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V 031 - Mosquensis II |
|
046 - Vaticanus
2066 |
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Minuscule 692 |
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(1382-1395) |
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(Richard Taverner) |
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Nueva
Versión Internacional (NVI) |
(Spanish - based on NIV) |
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Northern (Israel) Prophet (Assyrian Crisis): |
Amos - first 1/2 |
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Amos - final 1/2 |
(Nevi'im Aharonim -
Latter / Minor Prophet #3) |
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Dura Parchment 24 |
(Greek Diatessaron) |
P25 |
(Greek Diatessaron) |
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e |
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(close to Minuscules 61 & 69) |
|
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(Family 1424) |
e |
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Wycliffe's Bible |
(Middle
English) |
|
(1582, 1609-1610) |
|
(1675) |
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(1775-7, 1796-1806, 1803-7) |
|
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(1966) |
(1985) |
(English - based on NIV) |
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Book of the Dead |
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ea |
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e - Alexandrian in John |
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P 024 - Guelferbytanus A |
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|
Purple minuscule: |
Minuscule 1143 |
|
e |
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|
Minuscule 349 |
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(From Vulgate) |
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|
Douay-Rheims Bible (RHE) |
|
Fell's
Greek NT |
|
Griesbach's
Greek NT |
|
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Jerusalem
Bible (JB) |
New Jerusalem Bible
(NJB) |
(English - based on JB) |
|
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|
SECOND INTERMEDIATE PERIOD OF EGYPT (1650-1550 BC) ------> |
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Post Exhilic
Prophet: |
Obadiah
(core) |
(Nevi'im Aharonim -
Latter / Minor Prophet #4) |
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Eclectic/Unknown Text |
|
P45 |
(close affinity) |
W 032 -
Washingtonianus |
|
Lk |
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e |
|
X 033 - Monacensis |
|
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(Family 1424) |
e |
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(English Catholic Bible from Vulgate) |
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(Elzevir 1633) |
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(1776) |
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(1978, 1986 - OT, 1987) |
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NEW
KINGDOM OF EGYPT (1550-1077 BC) |
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(Chester Beatty Papyri) |
Mt† |
|
(Byzantine, Western, Caesarean, Alexandrian Mix) |
|
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R 027 - Nitriensis |
(Palimpsest - under
Syriac treatise & Homer's Iliad) |
e† |
|
Y 034 - Macedoniensis |
|
e |
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Minuscule 267 |
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cp |
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Harwood's Greek NT |
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Intl.
Chindren's - New Century (ICB-NCV) |
(English - based on UBS) |
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(Caesarean Mark?) |
P37 |
|
(Expanded long ending of Mark) |
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Mt, Mk |
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047 |
|
e |
|
Γ 036 - Tischendorfianus IV |
|
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(Family 1424) |
e |
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(Comma Johanneum) |
Minuscule 918 |
(TR) |
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(1654, 1655, 1657) |
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(1782, 1788, 1803-7) |
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(1950, 1961) |
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John† |
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(Western Mix with Alexandrian &
Caesarean) |
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Σ 042 - Rossanensis |
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(Text in shape of cross) |
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Π 041 - Petropolitanus |
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e |
Minuscule 179 |
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Walton's
Polyglot (9 languages) |
|
Matthaei's
Greek/Vulgate NT |
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New
World Translation (NWT) |
(English - Jehovah's Witnesses) |
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Southern (Judah) Prophet (Assyrian Crisis): |
Micah
- second 1/2 |
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Micah
- first 1/2 |
(Nevi'im Aharonim -
Latter / Minor Prophet #6) |
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???? <------- |
P66 |
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John 12,14 |
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Mt, Mk |
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e |
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e |
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Minuscule 160 |
e |
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eacpr |
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(Stephanus 1550) |
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(1786-7) |
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(English - based on ERV) |
(Greek adapted from NEB) |
(English - based on NEB) |
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CANONICAL NEW TESTAMENT - AUTOGRAPHS |
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(Alexandrian/Western Mix) |
|
Jn 3:34 |
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Q 026 - Guelferbytanus B |
|
φ 043 - Beratinus |
|
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E 07 - Basilensis |
|
Ω 045 - Athous Dionysiou |
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|
e |
(Family 1424) |
Minuscule 71 |
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|
Minuscule 61
(Montfortianus/Britannicus) |
(TR) |
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|
Alter's Greek NT |
|
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(1966, 1971, 1976, 1979) |
(1991, 1992, 1995, 1999 - Apocrypha) |
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Fall of Nineveh, Syria (612): |
Nahum |
(Nevi'im Aharonim -
Latter / Minor Prophet #7) |
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(John 18:31-33, 37-38) |
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P80 |
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Minuscule 115 |
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(Close to Minuscule 69 &
Vaticanus 2066) |
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(1791, 1800) |
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Good
News (GNT/GNB) |
Contemporary
English (CEV) |
(British English - fresh
translation based on GNT) |
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p -
Pauline Epistles (7) |
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P52 |
(Alexandrian) |
|
Byzantine
Text (V) |
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e |
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x |
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acpr |
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apc |
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Alexander-Thomas'
GNT |
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(English - Dynamic Equivalence) |
(1993, 2002) |
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Southern (Judah) Prophet (Babylonian Crisis): |
Habakkuk |
(Nevi'im Aharonim -
Latter / Minor Prophet #8) |
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(uncontested authorship) |
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(Undefined Text-type) |
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M 021 - Campianus |
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Minuscule 27 |
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(Comma Johanneum) |
Minuscule 429 |
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Minuscule 2816 |
(TR) |
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(1661, 1663) |
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(1st American printed Greek bible) |
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The Message (MSG) |
(Idiomatic US English) |
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Romans |
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e = Gospels |
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*c. 310 - Lucianic Recension |
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(Family 1424) |
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acrpe† |
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e |
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eacp |
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e |
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1st American
non-English Bible: |
Eliot Indian Bible |
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(1755) |
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(1941, 1952-1969) |
(1964, 1970, 1991, 1994, 2000, 2011) |
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Zephaniah |
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Zephaniah |
(Nevi'im Aharonim -
Latter / Minor Prophet #9) |
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1 Corinthians |
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a = Acts |
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Antiochan Text |
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Family 1424 |
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eacpr† |
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e† (Caesarean in Mk) |
Minuscule 517 |
e |
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Minuscule 827 |
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Minuscule 185 |
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Minuscule 817 |
(TR) |
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(Algonquin language) |
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John
Wesley's New Testament |
|
CATHOLIC BIBLE: |
Confraternity
Bible (CCD) |
New American Bible
(NAB/RNAB) |
(English - based on Nestle-Aland) |
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2 Corinthians |
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c = Catholic/General Epistles |
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Minuscule 1424 |
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Minuscule 28 |
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Minuscule 7 |
(TR) |
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(No Pericope Adulterae) |
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(Revision of the KJV) |
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(English - based on Vulgate) |
(1995) |
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Post Exhilic
Prophet: |
Haggai |
(Nevi'im Aharonim -
Latter / Minor Prophet #10) |
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Galatians |
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p = Pauline Epistles |
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Byzantine/Caesarean |
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(Family 1424) |
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e |
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eacp |
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eacpr |
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Gods Word Translation
(GW) |
(English - based on Nestle-Aland) |
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Philippians |
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r = Revelation |
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Family 13 (Ferrar Group) |
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e |
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e |
Minuscule 124 |
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Minuscule 1 (Basilensis) |
(TR) |
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eacp |
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Minuscule 205 |
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(c. 1804, 1819) |
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(2010, 2011) |
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Post Exhilic
Prophet: |
Zachariah |
(Nevi'im Aharonim -
Latter / Minor Prophet #11) |
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1 Thessalonians |
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EASTERN TEXT |
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(Pericope Adulterae after Lk 21:38) |
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Θ 038 - Koridethi |
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Minuscule 1346 |
(Family 13) |
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(Family 1) |
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Minuscule 209 |
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eacpr |
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Jefferson Bible |
|
Common English Bible
(CEB) |
(English - based on Nestle-Aland) |
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Philemon |
(sometimes grouped with
Pastoral Epistles) |
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(Long ending of Mark) |
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(Family 13) |
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e |
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e |
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(Family 1) |
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Minuscule 69 |
(Close to Minuscule 61 & Vaticanus 2066) |
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(Abbridged - Greek {TR}, Latin,
French, English) |
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Post Exhilic
Prophet: |
Malachi |
(Nevi'im Aharonim -
Latter / Minor Prophet #12) |
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e |
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e |
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Minuscule 1071 |
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Minuscule 13 |
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(Family 13) |
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(1830-1836) |
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(2005) |
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p -
Deutero-Pauline Epistles (3) |
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Caesarean Text |
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Family 1 (Lake Group) |
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Minuscule 1582 |
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Minuscule 700 |
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e |
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(Family 13) |
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eacp |
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Scholz's
Greek NT |
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New English Translation
(NET) |
(English) |
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Job |
(Nevi'im Aharonim -
Ketuvim-Wisdom) |
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(contested Pauline authorship) |
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e |
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(Family 1 in Matthew) |
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e† |
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Minuscule 346 |
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e |
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Minuscule 131 |
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(1833) |
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(2003, 2009) |
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Ephesians |
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Mk 1:79, 16-18 |
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Purple minuscule: |
Minuscule 565 |
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Minuscule 174 |
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(Family 13) |
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Minuscule 118 |
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(Family 1) |
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Webster's Revision (WEB) |
(1909, 1917) |
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Holman
(HCSB) |
(English) |
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Psalms
- first 2/3 |
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Psalms
"of David" |
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Psalms
- final 1/3 |
(Ketuvim-Poetic) |
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Colossians |
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P137 |
("Mummy Gospel") |
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eacpr + 1 & 2 Clement |
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(Closer to Koridethi in Mark) |
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e |
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(Family 13) |
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e |
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(Family 1) |
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(Noah Webster) |
Scofield
Reference Bible (KJV) |
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(2011-12) |
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2 Thessalonians |
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Acts 5:3-21 |
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A 02 -
Alexandrinus |
(+ LXX) |
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Echmiadzin |
(Armenian) |
Minuscule 788 |
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Minuscule 543 |
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(1862) |
(Cyrus I. Scofield's Commentary) |
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The
Voice |
(English) |
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Proverbs
/ Paroimiai |
(Ketuvim-Poetic) |
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Northern (Israel) Prophet (Assyrian Crisis): |
Book
of Jonah (c. II BC) |
(Nevi'im
Aharonim - Latter / Minor Prophet #5) |
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Uncial 0189 |
(Oldest parchment ms of NT) |
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(Long ending of Mark) |
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(Family13) |
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(Family 13) |
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acp |
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Young's
Literal Translation (YLT) |
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(2017) |
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p*
- Hebrews |
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a (8:26-32; 10:26-31) |
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Alexandrian/Byzantine |
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(Comma Johanneum) |
Minuscule 636 |
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(1867, 1872, 1884, 1890) |
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Christian Standard (CSB) |
(English - based on
Nestle-Aland) |
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Ecclesiastes |
(Ketuvim-Wisdom) |
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(anonymous authorship) |
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P50 |
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eap |
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acpr |
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e(Mt,Mk,Lk,Jn)acp |
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(uncategorized) |
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Darby
Bible (DBY) |
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c -
Catholic/General Epistles (7) |
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Rev 2-3, 5-6, 8-15 |
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Ψ 044 - Athous
Lavrensis |
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Minuscule 2344 |
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Minuscule 1241 |
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(1894) |
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(1979, 1980, 1982) |
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Song
of Songs / Song of Solomon |
(Ketuvim) |
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P115 |
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(Intermediate/Long ending of Mark) |
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Scrivener's
Textus Receptus (Greek) |
|
New
King James Bible (NKJV) |
(English) |
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James |
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r |
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eacpr |
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eacp |
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apc |
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Tobit |
(Deuterocanonical) |
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Petrine
Epistles |
1
Peter |
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P47 |
(Chester Beatty) |
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C 04 - Ephraemi |
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Minuscule 6 |
(TR) |
Minuscule 629
(Ottobonianus) |
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(Revised Authorized Version) |
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Story
of Ahikar / Words of Ahikar |
(Lost) |
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2 Peter |
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Jude, 1 Pet, 2 Pet |
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apcr |
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(Vulgate, Byz,
Western, other) |
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(1982, 1985) |
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(Tobit 1:22, Tobit 2:10,
Tobit 11:18, Tobit 14,10) |
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Psalms
of Solomon |
(Deuterocanonical) |
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Johannine
Epistles |
1 John |
ALEXANDRIAN
TEXT |
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P72 |
(Bodmer) |
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P 25 - Porphyrianus |
(Palimpsest) |
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"Majority
Text" edition of GNT |
(Hodges & Farstad - based on von Soden &
Hoskier's apparatuses) |
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2 John |
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Jn 2:11-22 |
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e |
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BYZANTINE/MAJORITY TEXT |
(1976-1991) |
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Book of Jasher (Book of the Just Man) |
(Lost) |
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3 John |
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Uncial 0162 |
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e† (Luke 1:46-51, 1:54-55, 2:39-32) |
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Δ 037 -
Sangallensis |
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The
Greek NT According to Byz/MJ |
(Robinson-Piermont - based on Hodges & Farstad) |
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(2 Sam 1:18, Josh 10:13, 2 Tim 3:8) |
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Wisdom
of Sirach |
(Deuterocanonical) |
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LOST EPISTLES??? |
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Jude |
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Romans
4:23-5:3; 5:8-13 |
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eacpr (-2
Thes/-2 John) |
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P42 |
(Greek & Coptic) |
e† |
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"Archaic Mark" |
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Uncial 0220 |
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C 04 - Ephraemi |
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(Alexandrian with some Byzantine, maybe Caesarean?) |
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Uncial 0233 |
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Minuscule 2427 |
(Allegedly a 19th century
forgery) |
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(2000) |
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OG Corinthians |
(cf. 1 Cor 5:9) |
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c - Pastoral Epistles (3) |
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Lk 1-6 |
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(one deviation from Vaticanus in Rom. 5:1) |
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(Long ending of
Mark) |
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(similar to Vaticanus) |
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World
English Bible (WEB) |
(English - based on RP) |
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Judith |
(Deuterocanonical) |
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A letter
potentially preserved in 2 Cor 10-13 - |
Severe Letter |
(cf. 2 Cor 2:4, 7:8-9) |
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(pseudonymous/pseudepigraphical
authorship) |
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P4 |
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Mt (partial) |
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A potential
reference to Eph. 1:10-14, 2:11-22 - |
OG Ephesians |
(cf. Eph. 3:3-4) |
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1 Timothy |
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Mt 3; 5; 26 |
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eacpr+Barnabas & Shephard† |
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Z 035 - Dublinensis |
(Palimpsest) |
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r |
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(1904) |
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(2011) |
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Jubilees |
(Deuterocanonical) |
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Potentially
an alternative reference to Ephesians - |
Laodiceans |
(cf. Col 4:16) |
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2 Timothy |
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P64+67 (Magdalen
papyrus) |
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(Aleph) 01 -
Sinaiticus |
(+ LXX) |
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p |
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ac |
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Minuscule 2053 |
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Byzantine with some eclectic readings: |
New
Testament Patriarchal Text (NTPT) |
(Koine Greek) |
Eastern
/ Greek Orthodox Bible |
(English - based on
NTPT) |
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Titus |
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Lk 3:18-24:53, Jn 1-15 |
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(Bodmer) |
r† |
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I 016 - Freerianus |
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p |
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P74 |
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e† |
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(superior to P47 and Sinaiticus) |
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(Antoniadis Text - Greek Orthodox Church) |
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P75 |
-----> (IV) |
0169 - Princeton |
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H 015 -
Coislinianus |
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Minuscule 892 |
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(From 4th c. uncial) |
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MODERN GREEK VERSIONS |
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r -
Revelation (Apocalypse of John) |
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p - Rom, Heb, 1 Cor, 2 Cor, Gal, Phil, Col, 1 Thess + missing
pages |
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eacp |
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e |
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Luke † |
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1 Cor 1-7 |
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e |
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eacp |
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acp |
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ap† |
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e† (Mt,Mk,Lk,Jn) |
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(1638) |
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(1703, 1830) |
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*c. 6th century BC - Ketef
Hinnom (archaeological site) |
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P46 |
(Chester Beatty) |
B 03 - Vaticanus |
(+ LXX) |
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T 029 - Borgianus |
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Ξ 040 - Zacynthius |
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P11 |
Close to Vaticanus: |
L 019 - Regius |
(TR) |
Minuscule 33 |
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Minuscule 1739 |
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Minuscule 81 |
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Minuscule 579 |
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Gallipoli's vernacular
Greek NT |
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Seraphim's
Modern Greek NT |
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e - Canonical Gospels (4) |
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Titus 1:11-15, 2:3-8 |
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(close to P46 & Vaticanus) |
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(collated by Scrivener) |
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(printed in Geneva) |
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(condemned in 1704 by Orthodox Church) |
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(1985, 2003) |
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*605 BC - Battle of Carchemish (Babylon vs Egypt) |
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BARUCH |
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(Synoptic Gospels - Matthew, Mark, Luke) |
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???? <------- |
P32 |
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Today's Greek Version
(TGV/TGVD) |
(Demotic Greek) |
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*V BC - Elephantine papyri |
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1830 Edition: |
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(approved by Greek Orthodox Church) |
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*c. 550 BC - Cyrus the Great (Achaemenid Empire) |
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(Not the
"Book of Jeremiah") |
Letter of Jeremiah / Baruch 6 |
(Deuterocanonical) |
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*Marcan priority |
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Mark |
(without long ending) |
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Long Endings: |
Short / Intermediate / Long Endings of Mark (16:9-20) |
Double / Very Long / Expanded Endings of Mark (16:9-20) |
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(c. 1350) |
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(1569) |
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A.M. Macedo & L. Coletti |
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*539 BC - Fall of Neo-Babylonian Empire |
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*Farrer hypothesis |
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*Q
Source |
*M
Source |
Matthew |
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e |
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e |
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(1240) |
|
Bible Historiale |
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|
Biblia del Oso |
(Spanish) |
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|
Edited by August Hermann
Francke (1663-1727) |
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(2012) |
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Book
of Baruch / 1 Baruch |
(Major
Prophet - Deuterocanonical) |
|
|
*Two-source hypothesis |
|
*L
Source |
Luke-Acts |
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e (harmony of 4 gospels) |
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|
Syriac Versions: |
Syriac Sinaiticus |
(palimpsest) |
Curetonian Gospels |
|
Ambrosianus |
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Alfonso Bible |
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(French) |
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Preface by J. Heyman |
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Antonis
Malliaris (Malliaris-Paideia) |
(Demotic Greek) |
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*522-486 BC - Reign of Darius I |
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*Four-document hypothesis |
|
*Signs Gospel/Semeia Source |
John |
|
Tatian's
Diatessaron |
(Syriac or Greek?) |
|
a23† |
|
a† |
|
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(Long ending Mk) |
Philoxenian |
|
Harklean versions |
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(Spanish) |
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(1569, 1909, 1960, 1995, 2011) |
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(approved by Greek Orthodox Church) |
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*c. 587 BC - Solomon's temple destroyed |
*490 BC - Battle of Marathon |
*431-404 BC - Peloponnesian War |
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(With long
ending of Mark) |
*c. 120-180 - Tatian the
Syrian |
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|
P48 |
(affinities with D text) |
P38 (Papyrus
Michigan) |
(affinities with D text) |
|
Peshitta |
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(Intermediate ending of
Mark) |
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Reina-Valera (RVR) |
(Spanish) |
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*c. 586-7 BC - Seige of
Jerusalem by Babylon |
*486-465 BC - Reign of Xerxes I |
*c. 432-356 - Philistus (Historian) |
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|
CANONICAL NEW TESTAMENT
- AUTOGRAPHS |
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Lk† |
|
Mt† |
|
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ea |
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OT+NT inter alia |
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|
(Stephanus 1550) |
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|
(1833, OT - 1850) |
|
(1967) |
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*c. 586 - Judah -> Yehud
(Babylonian province) |
*480 BC - Battle of Thermopylae |
*c. 460-400 - Thucydides (Historian) |
*356-323 BC - Alexander the Great |
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*30 AD † |
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European (Italy-Gaul) |
|
P69 |
(affinities with D text) |
Uncial 0171 |
|
Linear versification: |
Dea 05 - Bezae
Cantabrigensis |
(Greek & Old Latin) |
|
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|
"The Devil's Bible": |
Codex Gigas |
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|
Vamvas' New Testament
(VNT) |
(Katharevousa Greek) |
Vasilios
Vellas' (NTV/ΚΔΤΚ) |
(Katharevousa Greek) |
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*c. 697-643 BC - Reign of Manasseh |
*598-597 BC - Reign of King Jeconiah |
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*c. 446-386 - Aristophanes (Playwrite - Old Comedy) |
*310-230 BC - Aristarchus of Samos |
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(Pericope Adulterae, Mk 16:9-20) |
eacpr |
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(Eu. Old Latin) |
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(based on TR) |
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(derived from VNT) |
(1952) |
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*c.
1050-930 BC - Kingdom of Israel - united monarchy |
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*c. 643-640 BC - Reign of Amon |
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*445-365 BC - Antisthenes (Cynic) |
*c. 334 - 262 BC - Zeno of Citium (Stoic) |
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HUMAN LIFESPAN |
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Mt 21:34-37,43,45(?) |
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ff2 - Corbiensis (Eu. Old Latin) |
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Panagiotis. N. Trembelas' NT |
(Katharevousa Greek) |
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*c. 930-720 BC - Northern
Kingdom of Israel |
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*c. 640-609 BC - Reign of Josiah |
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*c. 412-323 - Diogenes of Sinope (Cynic) |
*c. 307-243 BC - Persaeus of Citium (Stoic) |
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(Ref: 2 Chronicles 33:19) |
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???? <------- |
P104 |
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a - Vercellensis |
(Eu. Old Latin) |
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b 4 - Veronensis |
(Eu. Old Latin) |
Dp 06 - Claromontanus |
(Greek & Latin) |
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(Copy of
Codex Claromontanus) |
Dabs1 / g1 -
Sangermanensis |
(Greek-Latin diglot) |
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acp† |
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(1900) |
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(Parallel Column with Koine) |
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*c. IX-582 CC - Southern Kingdom of Judah |
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*c. 516 BC - Rebuilding of the temple |
*c. 510-428 BC - Anaxagoras |
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*c. 315 - 240 BC - Aratus - poet (Acts 17:28) |
Prayer
of Manasseh |
(Deuterocanonical) |
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p |
(Heavly corrected
towards Byzantine Text) |
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Minuscule 614 |
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(1490-1499) |
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(1581) |
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(1600s) |
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(1751, 1756, 1757, 1759) |
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Anaplasis
"Paraphrase" (Matthew) |
(Katharevousa Greek) |
(1993-94, 1995, 2008, 2013) |
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*490-420 BC - Protagoras |
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*341-270 BC - Epicurus (Epicurean) |
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WESTERN
TEXT |
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*c. 306-373 - Ephrem the
Syrian |
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*Hypothetical
parent of Claromontanus |
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acp |
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Gennady's
Bible (OCS) |
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Ostrog Bible (OCS) |
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Moscow
Bible (OCS) |
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Elizabeth
Bible (OCS) |
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Spyros
Filos' Bible (SFT/ΝΜΦ/ΦΙΛ) |
(Demotic Greek) |
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*c. 1392-934 BC - Middle Assyrian Empire |
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*c. 911-609 BC - Neo-Assyrian Empire |
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*497-405 BC - Sophocles |
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*335-269 BC - Strato of Lampsacus (Peripatetic) |
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1
Maccabees |
(Deuterocanonical) |
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(Diatessaron Commentary) |
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p |
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G 012 -
Boernerianus |
(Greek with interlinear
Latin) |
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Minuscule 383 |
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(Old Church Slavonic) |
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(East Slavic Recension of OCS) |
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(East Slavic Recension of OCS) |
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(Official Russian Orthodox version) |
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(1901) |
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(1995 edition with monotonic script) |
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*c. 613-611 BC - Battle of
Nineveh |
*c. 525/524-456/455 BC - Aeschylus (tragedian) |
*fl. V BC - Melissus of Samos (Eliatic) |
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*335-280 BC - Herophilos (anatomist) |
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*Hypothetical intermediary copy |
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Queen
Olga's Translation (Gospels) |
(Koine & Katharevousa Greek) |
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Northwest
Semitic languages |
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*490-430 BC - Zeno of Elea (Eliatic) |
*384-322 BC - Aristotle |
*c. 330 - 230 BC - Cleanthes |
(5 lost books) |
Jason of Cyrene |
(2 Mac 2:23) |
2
Maccabees |
(Deuterocanonical) |
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e 2 - Palatinus (African Old Latin) |
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F 010 - Augiensis |
(Greek-Latin diglot) |
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(by Ioulia Somaki;
edited by Prokopios, Pantazidis & Papadopulos) |
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Canaanite
languages |
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PRE-SOCRATIC PHILOSOPHY |
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*480-406 BC - Euripides (tragedian) |
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*285-246 BC - Reign of Ptolemy II Philadelphus |
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Epistle
of Barnabas |
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(c. 1454-1455) |
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Proto-Canaanite / Proto-Sinaitic script |
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Old Aramaic - prestige
language of Mesopotamia & the Levant |
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*c. 624-546 BC - Thales of Miletus |
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*485-380 BC - Gorgias |
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*c. III BC - Hermippus of Smyrna |
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3
Maccabees |
(Deuterocanonical) |
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Book
of Hermas/Shepherd of Hermas |
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African (Carthage) |
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eacpr |
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rac† |
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OT+NT |
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Guttenberg Bible |
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(1590, 1592, 1593, 1598) |
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(1979, 1986) |
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Phoenician Script / Language |
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*c. 610 - 546 BC - Anaximander |
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*c. 460-370 BC - Democritus (Materialism) |
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*c. 350-280 - Hipparchia of Maroneia (Cynic) |
*167-160 BC - Maccabean Revolt |
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Didache |
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k - Bobiensis |
(African Old Latin) |
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h 55 - Fleury |
(African Old Latin) |
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6 c -Colbertinus
(Old Latin) |
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(Latin Vulgate) |
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Sixto-Clementine
Vulgate (Latin) |
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(1901) |
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Nova Vulgata |
(Latin) |
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*c. 734-732 BC - Syro-Ephraimite war |
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*c. 570-495 BC - Pythagoras of Samos |
*c. V BC - Leucippus |
*428-423 BC - Plato |
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*c. III BC - Cercidas (Cynic poet) |
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4
Maccabees |
(Deuterocanonical) |
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Ignatius |
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(Intermediate ending of Mark) |
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(Gospel harmonization
from Diatessaron) |
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(Eu. & African Old Latin) |
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Pallis'
Evangelika (Gospels) |
(Demotic Greek) |
(1984, 1992) |
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Phoenician or
Paleo-Hebrew Inscriptions: |
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*c. 786-746 BC - Jeroboam II (Jonah) |
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*c. 585 - 528 BC - Anaximenes of Miletus |
*c. V BC - Prodicus |
*430-454 BC - Xenophon |
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*c. 341-290 BC - Menander (Dramatist - Athenian New
Comedy) - (1 Cor 15:33) |
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Polycarp to the Philippians |
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Martyrdom
of Polycarp |
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(Condemned) |
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Novum Testamentum Latine |
(Latin) |
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*c. X BC - Gezer Calendar |
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*c. 740-722 BC - Assyrian captivity |
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*c. 570-475 - Xenophanes of Colophon |
*470-399 BC - Socrates |
*436-338 BC - Isocrates (Attic orator) |
*c. III BC - Berossus |
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Wisdom
of Solomon (Greek) |
(Deuterocanonical) |
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Epistle
of Mathetes to Diognetus |
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*c. III - Vetus Latina (Old
Latin) |
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(OT+NT) |
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epacr |
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eacpr |
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OT+NT |
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*c. X BC - Zayit Stone |
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*c. 645 BC - Assyria's expansion |
*c. VI BC - Pherecydes of Syros |
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*c. 445-380 - Lysias (Attic orator) |
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*c. 266 BC -
Middle Academy |
*155 BC -
New/Third Academy |
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First
Epistle of Clement (1 Clement) |
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*c. 130 - 202 - Irenaeus (pupil of Polycarp) |
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Jerome's Vulgate (Latin) |
(Original not extant) |
Σ Sangallensis 1395
(Vulgate) |
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F - Fuldensis |
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A - Amiatinus |
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Cavensis |
(Vulgate) |
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*c. X BC - Ophel inscription |
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*585 BC - Battle of Halys (Eclipse) |
*c. V BC - Alcmaeon of Croton |
*c. 440-390 - Andocides (Attic orator) |
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*c. 213-128 BC - Carneades (Academic Skeptic) |
*c. I BC - Xenarchus of Seleucia (Peripatetic) |
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Second Epistle of Clement (2 Clement) |
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*c. 170 - Irenaus' anti-gnostic campaign |
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*c. 175-242 - Ammonius Saccas |
*240 - Origen (Canon) |
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*c. 347 - Jerome |
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(#2 Vulgate witness) |
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(#1 Vulgate witness) |
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("Spanish" Vulgate) |
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*c. 931 - 913 BC - Rehoboam's reign |
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*c. 664/667 BC - Sack of
Thebes by Assyrians |
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*c. 515 BC - Parmenides of Elea (Empiricism) |
*c. 435-356 BC - Aristippus of Cyrene |
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*c. 315-241 BC - Arcesilaus (Academic Skeptic) |
*c. 187-109 BC - Clitomachus
(Academic Skeptic) |
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*c. 155-206 - Tertullian (Catholic/Montanist) |
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*203-250 - Origen's canon |
*306-337 - Reign of
Constantine |
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eacpr |
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*c.1549 - Daniel Bomberg |
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*c. 931-912 BC - Jeroboam's Revolt |
*c. 836-796 BC - Reign of Jehoash of Judah |
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*535-475 BC - Heractlitus (Rationalism) |
*c. V-IV - Arete of Cyrene |
*c. 305-240 BC - Callimachus |
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*c. II BC - Metrodorus of
Stratonicea (Pyrrhonian Skeptic) |
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APOSTOLIC CHURCH FATHERS - AUTOGRAPHS |
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*c. 180 - Melito of Sardis (OT canon) |
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*248 AD - Origen's
"Against Celsus" |
*313 - Edict of Milan |
Codex Argenteus (Gothic) |
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Glazier (Coptic
Uncial) |
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Lindisfarne Gospels |
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ar 61 - Armagh |
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Wessex Gospels |
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*c. 638-558 BC - Solon |
*c. 561-527 BC - Peisistratos |
*c. V BC - Diogenes of Apollonia |
CYRENAICS
(Hedonism) |
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*c III BC - Apollonius of Rhodes |
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*c. 154-84 BC - Philo of Larissa (Academic Skeptic) |
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*c. 67-76 - Papacy of Linus |
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*c. 35-107 - Ignatius of Antioch |
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*c. 100-165 - Justin Martyr |
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*c. 170 - 235 AD - Hippolytus of Rome |
*Sosigenes the Peripatetic |
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*c. 205-270 - Plotinus |
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(Vulgate with Anglo-Saxon Interlinear gloss) |
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("Irish" Vulgate) |
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(West-Saxon Gospels) |
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*1054 - The Great (East-West) Schizm |
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*c. 750-650 BC - Hesiod |
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*c. 570-508 BC - Cleisthenes |
*c. 490 - c. 430 BC - Empedocles |
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*c. 380 BC - Aristippus the Younger |
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*c. 125-68 BC - Antiochus of Ascalon (Academic Skeptic) |
|
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|
|
|
*c. 79-92 - Papacy of Anacletus |
|
|
*c. 69 - 155 - Polycarp |
|
|
*150 - Conversion of Tatian
by Justin Martyr |
|
*Herminus |
|
*c. III - Diogenes Laërtius |
*c. 245-325 - Iamblichus of Chalcis (Neoplatonist) |
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*1440 - 1450 - Rise of the printing press |
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|
*c. V BC - Diagoras of Melos (Atheism) |
|
*c. 380-320 - Anaxarchus |
|
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|
*106 - 43 BC - Cicero (Academic Skeptic) |
|
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|
*c. 88-99 - Pope Clement I (of Rome) |
|
*c. 85 - 160 - Marcion of Sinope |
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|
*c. II - 200 - Pantaenus |
*Aristotle of Mytilene |
*c. 216–274 Mani |
*314 - Synod of Arles |
*c. 326 - Eusebius' Church
History |
|
*c. 450-520 - Isidore of
Alexandria |
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|
*1096-1099 - 1st Crusade |
*1147-1150 - 2nd Crusade |
*1189-1192 - 3rd Crusade |
*1202-1204 - 4th Crusade |
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|
*c.1480 – c.1527 - Demetrius
Ducas |
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*c. 1351-1336 BC - Akhenaten (18th Dynasty of Egypt) |
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|
The Iliad & The
Odyssey |
|
|
*c. 460-403 BC - Critias |
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|
*371-287 BC - Theophrastus |
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|
*99 BC - 55 BC - Lucretius |
*Reign of Emperor Augustus (27 BC - 14 AD) |
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|
*c. 60 - 130 - Papias of Hierapolis |
|
|
*144 - Expulsion of Marcion |
|
*c. 150-215 - Clement |
|
*190-265 - Dionysius of
Alexandria (Revelation) |
*c. 265-340 - Eusebian Canons |
*c. 335-395 - Gregory of
Nyssa |
|
*c. V - Cologne Mani-Codex |
|
*568 - Invasion of Northern
Italy by Lombards |
|
*c. 100BC - 1000 AD - JEWISH MYSTICISM |
|
*Venetus A (Homer's Iliad) |
|
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|
*1217-1221 - 5th Crusade |
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|
*1453 - Fall of
Constantinople |
|
*XVI - English Reformation |
*1564 - 1616 - Shakespeare |
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|
*484-425 BC - Herodotus |
|
*c. 384-322 BC - Demosthenes |
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|
*c. 116-27 BC - Marcus Terentius Varro |
*Reign of Annius Rufus (12 BC - 15 AD) |
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|
*64 - Great Fire of Rome |
*81-96 - Reign of Domitian |
*c. I - Ammonius of Athens |
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|
*c. 161-180 - Reign of Marcus Aurelius |
*Alexander of Aphrodisias (Middle Platonist) |
|
*c. 257 - 331 - Gregory the Illuminator |
*313-398 - Didymus the Blind |
*c. 349-407 - John Chrysostom |
|
|
*c. 470-544 - Dionysius Exiguus (AD calendar) |
|
*692 - Quinisext/Trullan Council (85th Apostolic
Canon) |
Hekhalot literature |
|
|
|
*c. 973 AD - Regularis
Concordia (Winchester) |
*c. 1119-1139 - Knights Templar |
*1228-1229 - 6th Crusade |
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|
*1488 - c. 1569 - Myles
Coverdale |
*1536 - Execution of William
Tyndale |
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|
*1901 - Gospel Riots in
Athens |
*Archimedes Palimpsest
discovered |
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|
*c. 1332-1323 BC - Tutankhamun (King Tut) |
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|
*c. 690 BC - Sennacherib's Annals |
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|
*c. 390-322 BC - Hypereides |
*c. 279 - 206 BC - Chrysippus of Soli |
*c. 130/129 BC - Death of Antipater of Tarsus |
*110 BC - 10 AD - Hillel the Elder |
|
*Reign of Emperor Tiberius (14 - 37) |
|
*c. 40 - Philo of Alexandria |
|
*70 - Destruction of
Jerusalem |
|
*c. 46-120 - Plutarch |
|
|
|
*c. 100 - 200 - Theodotian |
|
*c. IV - Muratorian Fragment (Canon) |
|
*155-235 - Cassius Dio (Roman Historian) |
|
*c. 296-373 - Athanasius of Alexandria |
*c. 350-428 - Thoedore the Interpreter |
|
*c. 490-560 - Simplicius of Cilicia (Neoplatonist) |
|
*692 - Canons of the Apostles |
|
Merkabah mysticism: |
|
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|
*1248-1254 - 7th Crusade |
|
|
*1431 - 1449 - Council of Florence |
|
|
*1608 - 1674 - Milton |
|
*c. 1764 - Griesbach
hypothesis |
|
*c. 1852 - 1914 - Baron von
Soden |
*1931 - Discovery of Chester
Beatty Papyri |
|
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|
*c. 700 BC - Siloam inscription |
*c. 590 BC - Lachish Letters (Ostraca) |
|
*480-411 BC - Antiphon (Attic orator) |
*c. 389-314 BC - Aeschines (Attic orator) |
*c. 287-212 BC - Archimedes of Syracuse |
*c. 185 - 110/109 BC - Panaetius (Stoic) |
*c. 58-50 BC - Gallic Wars |
|
*Reign of Valerius Gratus (15 - 26) |
*(c. 20 – 30) Musonius Rufus |
*c. 50 - 135 - Epictetus (Stoic) |
|
|
*c. 90-100 - Council of Jabney (Hebrew canon)? |
|
*c. 133-190 - Athenagoras of Athens |
|
|
*c. 160-210 - Sextus Empiricus |
|
*192/193 - Anonymous Anti-montanist treatise |
*c. 235 - Porphyry of Tyre |
*c. 313 - 355 - Donatus
Magnus |
*c. 337-397 - Ambrose |
*c. 345-430 - Augustine of
Hippo |
*c. 5th Century - Augustinian hypothesis |
|
|
|
*732 - Battle of Tours |
*Maaseh Merkabah |
|
|
|
*920-992 - Adso of Montier-en-Der (De Antichristo) |
*c. XI - Tobiah ben Eliezer |
|
|
*1270 - 8th Crusade |
|
|
|
|
*1483 - 1546 - Martin Luther |
*1536 - 1564 John Calvin's
Reforms |
|
*1626-1676 - Rabbi Sabbatai
Zevi |
|
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|
*1924 - Repeal of prohibition against Modern Greek
bibles |
|
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|
*c. 1279-1213 BC - Ramesses II |
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|
*c. 870-750 BC - Tel Dan Stele (King David) |
|
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|
*c. VI BC - Chilon of Sparta |
*c. V BC - Sisyphus fragment |
|
*c. 390-324 BC -
Lycurgus (Attic orator) |
*c. 276-194 BC - Eratosthenes of Cyrene |
*c. 181-124 BC - Aristobulus of Alexandria |
*c. 135 - 51 BC - Posidonius |
|
|
*Reign of Pontius Pilate (26 – 36) |
|
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|
*c. 110-180 - Hegesippus the Nazarene |
|
*c. 135-137 - Montanism |
|
|
*c. 180 - NT Canon formation |
*c. III - Alexander Romance |
|
|
*380 Edict of Thessalonica |
*c. V - Augustine's The City of God (book) |
|
*c. 673-735 - Bede the Venerable |
|
*c. 650 - Paulicianism |
|
|
|
|
|
*X - Bogomilism (dualistic heresy) |
|
|
|
|
*1271-1272 - 9th Crusade |
|
|
|
*1466 - 1536 - Desiderius
Erasmus |
|
|
*1631 - Publication of the Samaritan Pentateuch |
*1798 - The Granville Sharp
Rule |
*1838 - Two-source Hypothesis |
*1901-1974 - Ernest Cadman Colwell (Textual
Families) |
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|
*c. 858-824 BC - Black
Obelisk of Shalmaneser III |
|
|
|
*c. VII - VI BC - Epimenides (Titus 1:12) |
|
|
*c. V BC - Derveni papyrus |
|
*c. 380-315 BC - Theopompus (Historian) |
|
*c. 180 - Sosicrates (Historian) |
|
*27 BC - 19 AD - Reign of Augustus |
|
|
|
*Reign of Emperor Caligula (37 - 41) |
|
|
|
|
*c. I -
Agrippa the Skeptic |
*117-138 - Reign of Hadrian |
*Turtullian's Treatise Against Praxeas
("Trinity") |
|
|
*c. 180 - Ptolemy the Gnostic |
*c. 213-270 - Gregory
Thaumaturgus |
|
|
*367 - 39th Festal Letter of Athanasius (Canon) |
|
|
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|
*780-856 - Rabanus Maurus |
|
*862 - Cyril and Methodius'
Mission to Great Moravia |
|
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|
|
*1497 - 1560 - Philip
Melanchthon |
*c. 1542-1582 - Gregory Martin |
|
*1638 - 1712 - Richard Simon
(priest) |
|
|
|
|
*1945 - Discovery of Nag
Hammadi Library |
|
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|
*c. 1810-1750 BC - Hammurabi |
|
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|
*c. 1208 BC - Merneptah Stele |
|
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|
*c. 850-750 BC - Samaria Ostraca |
|
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|
*c. 495-429 BC - Pericles |
|
*c. 400-330 BC - Ephorus (Historian) |
|
*c. 190-120 BC - Hipparchus of Nicaea |
*c. I BC - Arius Didymus |
*54 BC - 39 AD - Seneca the Elder |
|
|
|
*Reign of Marullus (38 - 41) |
|
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|
*c II - The Aesop Romance |
|
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|
*c. 177-214 - Reign of Abgar IX of Armenia |
|
|
*c. 268/270 - Lucian deposed
for heresy |
|
*c. 329 - 390 - Gregory of Nazianzus |
|
|
*c. 569-632 - Mohammad |
*639-646 - Muslim conquest of Egypt |
|
|
|
*867 - Christianization of
Kievan Rus |
|
|
|
|
|
*1209 - 1229 - Albigensian Crusade |
|
*1343 - 1400 - Chaucer |
|
*1478 - 1834 - Spanish
Inquisition |
|
|
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|
|
*c. 1846 - 1917 - Caspar René Gregory |
*1946-1956 - Discovery of DSS |
|
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|
*c. XIV BC - Amarna letters |
|
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|
*c. 840 BC - El-Kerak Inscription |
|
|
|
*c. 620-564 BC - Aesop (Fables) |
|
*c. 449 BC - Peace of Callias |
*c. 361-291 BC - Dinarchus (Attic orator) |
|
*c. 180-120 BC - Apollodorus of Athens |
|
*4 BC - 65 AD - Seneca the Younger |
|
|
|
|
*Reign of Emperor Claudius (41 - 54) |
|
|
|
|
*c. 100-170 - Claudius Ptolemy |
*115, 168, 181 - Theophilus of Antioch's Ad
Autolycum ("Trinity") |
|
*c. 133-190 - Athenagoras of Athens (trinity) |
|
|
*Serapion rejects Gospel of
Peter |
*c. 270-343 - St. Nikolaos of
Myra |
*331 - 50
Bibles of Constantine? |
*c. 360 - 418 - Pelagius |
*c. 384 - Pope Theophilus of
Alexandria |
|
|
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|
*c. 100BC - 1000 AD - JEWISH MYSTICISM |
|
|
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|
|
*1503 - 1559 - Robert
Estienne |
*c. 1545-1563 - Council of Trent (Counter
Reformation) |
*XVIII - Age of Enlightenment |
|
*1868 - First Vatican Council |
*1901 - 1974 - Ernest Cadman
Colwell |
*1962-1965 - Second Vatican
Council |
|
|
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|
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|
*c. 1754 BC - Code of Hammurabi |
|
|
|
*c. 2500-1450 BC - Linear A (Older?) |
|
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|
*c. 840 BC - Mesha Stele (Moabite Stone) |
|
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|
|
NINE LYRIC POETS |
*c. 446/445-431 - Thirty Years' Peace |
*c. IV BC - Isaeus (Attic orator) |
*c. 320-235 - Timon of Phlion (Pyrrhonist) |
*c. 125 BC - Nash Papyrus |
|
|
*c. 10-70 - Hero of Alexandria |
|
*Reign of Herod Agrippa (41 - 44) |
|
|
|
*c. 50-135 - Rabbi Akiva |
|
|
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|
|
*c. 129-210 - Galen |
|
|
|
|
*303-313 - Diocletianic Persecution |
|
|
|
|
|
*600 - Apocalypse of Zerubbabel |
*730 - 787 - First Byzantine
Iconoclasm |
*c. 814 - 842 - Second
Byzantine Iconoclasm |
|
|
Hekhalot literature |
|
*c. 1150-1228 - Stephen Langton (Versification of
the Vulgate) |
*c. 1300 - The Zohar |
|
|
|
|
|
|
*1654 - 1656 - Nikon of
Moscow's reforms of Russian Orthodox Church (schism) |
|
*1896 - Discovery of
Oxyrhynchus Papyri |
*1959 - Claremont Profile Method |
*1952 - Discovery of Bodmer
Papyri |
|
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|
*c. 1250-750 BC - Greek Dark Ages |
|
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|
|
*c. 522-443 - Pindar of Thebes (Lyric poet) |
|
*c. 360-270 - Pyrrho of Elis (Pyrrhonian Skeptic) |
|
|
*c. 146/149 BC - Battle of
Carthage |
|
|
*c. 15-100 - Apollonius of Tyana (Neopythagorean
Philosopher) |
|
*1st Jewish-Roman War (66 -
73) |
|
|
|
*c. 56-120 - Tacitus |
*Apuleius of Madauros (The Golden Ass) |
*c. 125-180 - Lucian of Samosata |
|
|
*Mar Saba Letter (Secret Gospel of Mark?) |
|
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|
|
Merkabah mysticism: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
*1517 - 95 Edicts of Martin
Luther |
*1549 - Book of Common Prayer (Great Bible) |
*1662 - Cranmer's Book of Common Prayer (Authorized
Version) |
|
*1899 - Discovery/Publication
of NT ostraca |
|
*1970 - Discovery of En-Gedi
Scroll |
|
|
|
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|
*c. 1450 BC - Linear B |
|
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|
*c. IV-III BC - Euhemerus |
|
*c. 230 - 150/140 BC - Diogenes of Babylon |
*c. 146 BC - Battle of
Corinth |
|
|
|
|
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|
|
*78 - Josephus' "The Jewish War" |
|
*c. 116 - Tacitus on Christ (Annals 15,44) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Councils of Carthage: |
|
*397 - Third Synod of
Carthage |
*397 - 702 - Councils of Toledo |
|
|
*589 - Third Coucil of Toledo (Filioque) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
*Maaseh Merkabah |
|
*c. 1135-1204 - Maimonides (Sephardic Jewish
philosopher) |
|
|
|
|
|
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|
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|
|
*1851-1913 - Eberhard Nestle |
*1915-1994 - Kurt Aland |
|
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|
*c. 1642-1540 - Minoan
eruption of Thera/Santorini |
|
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|
*c. 257-185/180 BC -
Aristophanes of Byzantium |
*c. 168 BC - Battle of Pydna |
*c. 80 BC - Mithradatic Wars |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
*93-94 - Josephus' "Antiquities of the
Jews" |
|
|
|
|
*c. 110-180 - Pausanius |
|
|
|
First Seven Ecumenical Councils: |
*325 - First Council of Nicaea |
*381 - Council of
Constantinople |
*431, 449 - Councils of Ephesus |
*451 - Council of Chalcedon |
|
*553 - 2nd Council of
Constantinople |
|
*680 - 3rd Council of
Constantinople |
*787 - 2nd Council of Nicaea |
|
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|
|
*1687 - 1752 - Johann A.
Bengel |
*1725 - Bengel's theory of NT
textual families |
|
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|
*c. 220-143 BC - Aristarchus
of Samothrace |
*c. 170-90 BC -
Dionysius Thrax (grammarian) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
*93-93 - Josephus' Testimonium Flavianum |
*121 - Suetonius' The Twelve Caesars (reference to
Christians) |
|
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|
|
*c. 882-942 - Sa'adya Gaon (Jewish philosopher) |
|
*c. 1113 - Primary Chronicle - Tale of Bygone Years
(Rus) |
|
|
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|
|
*1835-1917 - Henry Barclay
Swete |
|
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|
*c. 130 BC - Apollonius Dyscolus (grammarian) |
|
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|
*c. 112 - Pliny's letters to
Trajan RE Christians |
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|
*1865-1935 - Alfred Rahlfs |
|
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|
<----
BRONZE AGE |
LATE BRONZE AGE COLLAPSE |
IRON
AGE ----> |
|
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|
|
c. 1050-586 BC -
MONARCHIC PERIOD |
|
|
c. 586-539 BC - EXILIC PERIOD |
|
c. 538-330 BC -
POST-EXILIC PERSIAN PERIOD |
|
|
330-164 BCE - POST-EXILIC HELLENISTIC PERIOD |
|
|
164-4 BC - MACCABEAN/HASMONEAN PERIOD |
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2100 |
2050 |
2000 |
1950 |
1900 |
1850 |
1800 |
1750 |
1700 |
1650 |
1600 |
1550 |
1500 |
1450 |
1400 |
1350 |
1300 |
1250 |
1200 |
1150 |
1100 |
1050 |
1000 |
950 |
900 |
850 |
800 |
750 |
700 |
650 |
600 |
550 |
500 |
450 |
400 |
350 |
300 |
250 |
200 |
150 |
100 |
50 |
0 |
10 |
20 |
30 |
40 |
50 |
60 |
70 |
80 |
90 |
100 |
110 |
120 |
130 |
140 |
150 |
160 |
170 |
180 |
190 |
200 |
250 |
300 |
350 |
400 |
450 |
500 |
550 |
600 |
650 |
700 |
750 |
800 |
850 |
900 |
950 |
1000 |
1050 |
1100 |
1150 |
1200 |
1250 |
1300 |
1350 |
1400 |
1450 |
1500 |
1550 |
1600 |
1650 |
1700 |
1750 |
1800 |
1850 |
1900 |
1950 |
2000 |
|
|
|
|
XXI |
XX |
XIX |
XVIII |
XVII |
XVI |
XV |
XIV |
XIII |
XII |
XI |
X |
IX |
VIII |
VII |
VI |
V |
IV |
III |
II |
I |
|
|
|
|
|
I |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
II |
|
|
|
|
III |
IV |
V |
VI |
VII |
VIII |
IX |
X |
XI |
XII |
XIII |
XIV |
XV |
XVI |
XVII |
XVIII |
XIX |
XX |
XXI |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
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